Google leaves that up to the manufacturer's since they don't have strict control.
Samsung has this and it is much better then Apple's offering.
My email, contacts and Calendar are backed up to Gmail.
My pictures are backed up with Dropbox (which blows iCoud out of the water).
I know you don't like installing apps Jimmy... because the phone should just work out of the box as you say, but many of us prefer to find our own apps. And DropBox kicks ass.
https://db.tt/hANMOcoQ
The only thing not backed up on my phone are my text messages which I don't want to backup.
And Google released the new version of Google Hangouts today, actually, which can also do text messaging for you. If you use that for SMS then your text and mms messages will be backed up as well.
What else you need?